attestation en · NOUN
Pronunciation
Etymology
From Middle French attestation, from Latin attestātiō; by surface analysis, attest + -ation.
Meanings
- (countable, uncountable) A thing that serves to bear witness, confirm, or authenticate; validation, verification, documentation.
- (countable, uncountable) A confirmation or authentication.
- (countable, uncountable) The process, performed by accountants or auditors, of providing independent opinion on published financial and other business records of an enterprise, public agency, or other organization.
-
(countable, of a language, qualifier:word; word form; or word meaning; word; word form; or word meaning, uncountable) An appearance in print or otherwise recorded on a permanent medium.
For each word, the date of its first attestation in the English language, as documented in the Oxford English Dictionary, and its frequency of occurrence in the British National Corpus are given.
2009, Ingo Plag with Maria Braun, Sabine Lappe, and Mareile Schramm, Introduction to English Linguistics, page 110:In the first edition this is generally chronological, i.e. following the earliest date of attestation for each sense
2012, Alexander Bergs, English Historical Linguistics, volume 2, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, →ISSN, →OCLC, page 1154:Furthermore, the first attestations given in the OED are not always the earliest attestations in print; since the first edition was finished in 1928, many earlier and later examples have been identified, and these will be incorporated into the third edition, currently underway (see Durkin 2002 for a discussion of how much this is likely to change the dates of attestation in the OED as a whole).
2010, Kathryn Allan, “Tracing metonymic polysemy through time: MATERIAL FOR OBJECT mappings in the OED”, in Margaret E. Winters, Heli Tissari, Kathryn Allan, editors, Historical Cognitive Linguistics, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 176:So something must have been developing over long periods empty of attestation; and whatever it was, it must (by principles to be discussed in the next section) have been a language of the usual kind.
1997, Roger Lass, Historical Linguistics and Language Change, page 23:The eastern-most attestation of Sl skola in the meaning of synagogue appears to be in Smolensk Russian.
1987, Paul Wexler, Explorations in Judeo-Slavic Linguistics, →ISBN, page 125:A historical dictionary cannot do this though it cannot also neglect this aspect because the attestation of a rare meaning is bound to be very limited.
1972, Indian Linguistics, volumes 33-34, Linguistic Society of India, →ISSN, →JSTOR, →OCLC, page 237:
Forms
| Spelling | Features | Labels | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| attestations | Number=Plur | lexicographic |
Deriveds
coattestation · nonattestation · attestation clause
Relateds
attestive · attested · attestative
Translations (88)
bg атеста́ция (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · de Beleg (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · fr attestation (linguistics: appearance in records) · ru подтвержде́ние (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · pl świadectwo (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · ro atestare (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · el μαρτυρία (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · fr attestation (such a confirmation or authentication) · ru подтвержде́ние (such a confirmation or authentication) · fi esiintyminen (linguistics: appearance in records) · ro autentificare (such a confirmation or authentication) · hy վկայվածություն (linguistics: appearance in records) · hu igazolás (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · fi todistus (such a confirmation or authentication) · hu előfordulási hely (linguistics: appearance in records) · el μαρτυρία (such a confirmation or authentication) · pl atest (such a confirmation or authentication) · fi esiintymä (linguistics: appearance in records) · cmn 書證 /书证 (linguistics: appearance in records) · hu előfordulás (linguistics: appearance in records) · pl atest (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · uk підтве́рдження (such a confirmation or authentication) · de Bestätigung (such a confirmation or authentication) · ro confirmare (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · bg засвиде́телстване (linguistics: appearance in records) · bg потвържде́ние (such a confirmation or authentication) · pl certyfikat (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · cmn 驗證 /验证 (such a confirmation or authentication) · ru аттеста́ция (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · de Bestätigung (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · de Urkunde (such a confirmation or authentication) · cs přezkoušení (such a confirmation or authentication) · ru засвиде́тельствование (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · bg доказа́телство (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · fi todiste (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · fi lausunto (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · hu dokumentálás (linguistics: appearance in records) · hu hitelesítés (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · cmn 確認 /确认 (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · ro atestare (such a confirmation or authentication) · hu bizonyítás (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu hitelesítés (such a confirmation or authentication) · de Zeugnis (such a confirmation or authentication) · ro adeverire (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · es atestación (such a confirmation or authentication) · de Beleg (linguistics: appearance in records) · ca atestació (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · bg потвържде́ние (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu tanúsítvány (such a confirmation or authentication) · hu szöveghely (linguistics: appearance in records) · el επιβεβαίωση (such a confirmation or authentication) · pt atestação (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · de Ausweis (such a confirmation or authentication) · de Beweis (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · cmn 驗證 /验证 (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · pt documentação (linguistics: appearance in records) · fr attestation (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu hitelesítés (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · bg заве́рка (such a confirmation or authentication) · sv belägg (linguistics: appearance in records) · cs potvrzení (such a confirmation or authentication) · cmn 確認 /确认 (such a confirmation or authentication) · pl zaświadczenie (such a confirmation or authentication) · fa گواه (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu adatolás (linguistics: appearance in records) · es atestación (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · uk підтве́рдження (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu példa (linguistics: appearance in records) · cs atestace (such a confirmation or authentication) · hy վկայություն (linguistics: appearance in records) · de Beglaubigung (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · hu igazolás (such a confirmation or authentication) · cmn 證明 /证明 (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · bg засвиде́телстване (such a confirmation or authentication) · hu illusztráció (linguistics: appearance in records) · pl zaświadczenie (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · hu tanúsítás (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · cmn 語料實例 /语料实例 (linguistics: appearance in records) · cmn 審計 /审计 (providing an independent opinion, on published information of an organization, by accountants or auditors) · hu adat (linguistics: appearance in records) · cmn 證明 /证明 (such a confirmation or authentication) · fa شاهد (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates) · pt atestação (such a confirmation or authentication) · de Nachweis (such a confirmation or authentication) · fi attestaatio (linguistics: appearance in records) · hu idézet (linguistics: appearance in records) · cs otestování (such a confirmation or authentication) · it attestazione (something which bears witness, confirms or authenticates)