From Middle English alayen, aleyen, aleggen, from Old English āleċġan (“to put, place, lay down, lay aside, throw down, give up, cease from, abandon; put down, allay, suppress, abolish, conquer, destroy, overcome, refute; lay upon, inflict, impose upon; diminish, take away, refuse, lessen, withhold”), from Proto-Germanic *uzlagjaną (“to lay down”), equivalent to a- + lay. Cognate with German erlegen (“to impose, cause to succumb, kill”), Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uslagjan, “to lay down”). In Middle English the word was identical to forms of allege and alloy, leading to much overlapping of senses.
From Middle English alayen, aleyen, aleggen, from Old English āleċġan (“to put, place, lay down, lay aside, throw down, give up, cease from, abandon; put down, allay, suppress, abolish, conquer, destroy, overcome, refute; lay upon, inflict, impose upon; diminish, take away, refuse, lessen, withhold”), from Proto-Germanic *uzlagjaną (“to lay down”), equivalent to a- + lay. Cognate with German erlegen (“to impose, cause to succumb, kill”), Gothic 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uslagjan, “to lay down”). In Middle English the word was identical to forms of allege and alloy, leading to much overlapping of senses.
Meanings
(transitive) To make quiet or put at rest; to pacify or appease; to quell; to calm.
The trade show’s organisers had attempted to allay concerns by announcing more stringent health and safety measures including a ban on handshakes, and taking attendees’ temperatures. 2020 February 12, Mark Sweney, “Mobile World Congress axed after firms quit over coronavirus fears”, in The Guardian:
He had to pretend to be drunk in order to allay the suspicions which might have been aroused by his appearance at the gate. 1887, A[rthur] Conan Doyle, “A Study in Scarlet”, in Beeton’s Christmas Annual, London; New York, N.Y.: Ward, Lock & Co., part I (Being a reprint from the reminiscences of John H. Watson, M.D., […]), chapter V (Our Advertisement brings a Visitor), pages 31–32:
Kissinger was obviously doing his best to allay our government's growing apprehension in connection with Nixon's forthcoming trip to Peking. 1983, James C. H. Shen, “Dropping the First Shoe”, in Robert Myers, editor, The U.S. & Free China: How the U.S. Sold Out Its Ally, Washington, D.C.: Acropolis Books Ltd., →ISBN, page 84:
They were forced to try to allay discontent by palliative measures. 1888, William Morris, Signs of Change […] , London: Reeves and Turner, page 104:
to allay the tumult of the passions
to allay popular excitement
O love, be moderate, allay thy ecstacy, […] c. 1596–1598 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Merchant of Venice”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:
(transitive) To alleviate; to abate; to mitigate.
[…] and is the onlie laſt remedie for all debilities which haue long vexed the body through a hote diſtemper of the Lever, ſuch as a hote Gutte; it allayeth all Inflamations inward & outward. 1618, Patri[c]k Anderson, The Colde Spring of Kinghorne Craig […], Edinburgh: Thomas Finlason, unnumbered page:
to allay the severity of affliction or the bitterness of adversity
(intransitive, obsolete) To subside, abate, become peaceful.
And the wynde alayed, and there folowed a greate calme: and he sayde unto them: why are ye fearfull? 1526, [William Tyndale, transl.], The Newe Testamẽt […] (Tyndale Bible), [Worms, Germany: Peter Schöffer], →OCLC, Mark iiij:
For raging wind blows up incessant showers,
And when the rage allays the rain begins. c. 1591–1592 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Third Part of Henry the Sixt, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene iv]:
(archaic) To mix (metals); to mix with a baser metal; to alloy; to deteriorate.
(archaic, broadly) To make worse by the introduction of inferior elements.
Yet far be it from us to condemn all their works to be dross, because debased and allayed with superstitious intents […] 1639, Thomas Fuller, The Historie of the Holy Warr:
cs rozptýlit (to make quiet or put at rest) · pt aquietar (to make quiet or put at rest) · cs zmírnit (to alleviate) · pt aliviar (to alleviate) · el κατευνάζω (to alleviate) · es aliviar (to alleviate) · el ανακουφίζω (to alleviate) · bg облекчавам (to alleviate) · cs utišit (to alleviate) · fr apaiser (to make quiet or put at rest) · bg успокоявам (to make quiet or put at rest) · cs uklidnit (to make quiet or put at rest) · es calmar (to make quiet or put at rest) · hu enyhít (to alleviate) · es aquietar (to make quiet or put at rest) · hu csillapít (to alleviate) · mi whakamauru (to alleviate) · nl bedaren (to make quiet or put at rest) · ro alina (to make quiet or put at rest) · el κατευνάζω (to make quiet or put at rest) · cy tawelu (to make quiet or put at rest) · fi lieventää (to alleviate) · fr pacifier (to make quiet or put at rest) · ro alina (to alleviate) · de lindern (to alleviate) · de beruhigen (to make quiet or put at rest) · de dämpfen (to make quiet or put at rest) · bg смекчавам (to alleviate) · ro astâmpăra (to make quiet or put at rest) · es mitigar (to alleviate) · mi whakamahea (to make quiet or put at rest) · hu eloszlat (to make quiet or put at rest) · fi vaientaa (to make quiet or put at rest) · bg уталожвам (to make quiet or put at rest) · fr soulager (to alleviate) · fi lievittää (to alleviate) · cs utišit (to make quiet or put at rest) · de erleichtern (to alleviate)