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Words, grammatical forms and meanings linked to the ontology.

ablaut en · NOUN

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɑpˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • /ˈæbˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • /ˈɑbˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • (Canada) audio

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Old High German ab Middle High German ab German ab German ab- Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz Proto-West Germanic *hlūd Old High German lūt Middle High German lūt German Laut German Ablautbor. English ablaut Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).

Meanings

  1. (countable, uncountable) The substitution of one root vowel for another, thus indicating a corresponding modification of use or meaning; vowel permutation, distinct from the phonetic influence of a succeeding vowel.
    • I declare to you that Literature was not written for schoolmasters, nor for schoolmistresses. I would not exchange it for a wilderness of schoolmasters. It should be delivered from them, who, with their silly Ablauts and ‘tendencies,’ can themselves neither read nor write. 1920, Arthur Quiller-Couch, On The Art of Reading:

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
ablauts Number=Plur lexicographic

Deriveds

unablauted · ablauting

Hypernyms

apophony · gradation

Relateds

umlaut

Synonyms

alternation

Translations (52)

fi ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · pl alternacja (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ga grádaíocht (substitution of one root vowel for another) · fr apophonie (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh а̀блаут (substitution of one root vowel for another) · el μετάπτωση (substitution of one root vowel for another) · de Ablaut (Vokalabstufung f) (substitution of one root vowel for another) · nl klinkerwisseling (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ru апофони́я (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ru абля́ут (substitution of one root vowel for another) · pt apofonia (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu tőhangváltozás (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sv avljud (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh пре́вој (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ro apofonie (substitution of one root vowel for another) · bg абла́ут (substitution of one root vowel for another) · cs střída (substitution of one root vowel for another) · is hljóðskipti (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ca apofonia (substitution of one root vowel for another) · he אַבְּלָאוּט (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ga ablabht (substitution of one root vowel for another) · af ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh прије́вој (substitution of one root vowel for another) · lt abliautas (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu fokváltakozás (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu tőhangzóváltozás (substitution of one root vowel for another) · pt ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ro ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · da aflyd (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ko 모음 전환 (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sq apofoni (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ru абла́ут (substitution of one root vowel for another) · pl apofonia (substitution of one root vowel for another) · ka აბლაუტი (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh prévoj (substitution of one root vowel for another) · he אַפּוֹפוֹנְיָה (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh prijévoj (substitution of one root vowel for another) · nl ablaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hy ձայնդարձ (substitution of one root vowel for another) · fo avljóð (substitution of one root vowel for another) · sh àblaut (substitution of one root vowel for another) · fi äännevaihtelu (substitution of one root vowel for another) · lv ablauts (substitution of one root vowel for another) · it apofonia (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu tőhangváltás (substitution of one root vowel for another) · es apofonía (substitution of one root vowel for another) · cs kmenostup (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu apofónia (substitution of one root vowel for another) · nl klankwisseling (substitution of one root vowel for another) · pl przegłos (substitution of one root vowel for another) · hu hangmásulás (substitution of one root vowel for another)

ablaut en · VERB

Pronunciation

  • /ˈɑpˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • /ˈæbˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • (Southern-England) audio
  • /ˈɑbˌlaʊt/ (US)
  • (Canada) audio

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Old High German ab Middle High German ab German ab German ab- Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- Proto-Indo-European *-tós Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz Proto-West Germanic *hlūd Old High German lūt Middle High German lūt German Laut German Ablautbor. English ablaut Borrowed from German Ablaut (“sound gradation”), which is from ab- or ab (“down, off”), + Laut (“sound”). Ab is used here in the sense of “deviating, varying” as in Abgott (“god other than the true God”), Abart (“different sort, variety, anomality”).

Meanings

  1. (intransitive, of a vowel-containing linguistic component) To undergo a change of vowel.
    • This allomorph also causes the back vowel to ablaut to a low vowel. 2012, Bernard Comrie, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Relative Clauses in Languages of the Americas: A Typological Overview, page 219:
    • This root must once have ablauted, given the associated nominal derivatives prthii- 'broad', prthivl- 'earth'. However, it does not ablaut at all in its verbal forms. 1983, Stephanie W. Jamison, Function and Form in the -áya-formations of the Rig Veda and ..., page 209:
    • What we find is that one cannot predict which members of V a given member of E will cause to ablaut 1985, Michael E. Krauss, Yupik Eskimo prosodic systems: descriptive and comparative studies, page 241:
    • It is these co-opted verbs that tend to ablaut variably in the different Dakotan dialects and that forced morphological restructuring 2006, Felix K. Ameka, Alan Charles Dench, Nicholas Evans, Catching language: the standing challenge of grammar writing, page 536:
  2. (transitive) To cause to change a vowel.

Forms

SpellingFeaturesLabelsSource
ablauts Number=Sing, Person=3, Tense=Pres lexicographic
ablauted Tense=Past, VerbForm=Part lexicographic
ablauted Tense=Past lexicographic
ablauting Tense=Pres, VerbForm=Part lexicographic

Deriveds

unablauted