Etymology tree
Proto-Finnic *rooccibor.
Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)bor.
New Latin Russiabor.
English Russia
From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ) (whence Arabic رُوس (rūs) and Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs)), which originally referred to a group of Varangians who established themselves near Kiev in the 9th century and ruled Kievan Rus; probably from Proto-Finnic *roocci, from Old East Norse *roþs- (“related to rowing”); related to Old Norse Roþrslandi (“the land of rowing”), an older name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. Ultimately from Old Norse róðr (“steering oar”), from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”). By surface analysis, Russ + -ia. First attested in c. 1390s. Doublet of Rossiya.
Meanings
(abbreviation, alt-of, countable, ellipsis, uncountable) Ellipsis of Russia leather.
Dull Russias will prove a good selling line for women according to the predictions of certain manufacturers. 1914, Shoe and Leather Journal, volume 27, page 36:
Etymology tree
Proto-Finnic *rooccibor.
Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ)bor.
New Latin Russiabor.
English Russia
From Medieval Latin Russia, from Old East Slavic Русь (Rusĭ) (whence Arabic رُوس (rūs) and Byzantine Greek Ῥῶς (Rhôs)), which originally referred to a group of Varangians who established themselves near Kiev in the 9th century and ruled Kievan Rus; probably from Proto-Finnic *roocci, from Old East Norse *roþs- (“related to rowing”); related to Old Norse Roþrslandi (“the land of rowing”), an older name of Roslagen, where the Finns first encountered the Swedes. Ultimately from Old Norse róðr (“steering oar”), from Proto-Germanic *rōþrą (“rudder”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁reh₁- (“to row”). By surface analysis, Russ + -ia. First attested in c. 1390s. Doublet of Rossiya.
Meanings
(countable, uncountable) A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia. Official name: Russian Federation. Capital and largest city: Moscow. It borders the Pacific and Arctic Oceans and the Baltic, Black, and Caspian Seas. Part of the Soviet Union from 1917 through 1991.
Russia is unable to honor its arms delivery commitments to India because of the war in Ukraine, the Indian Air Force (IAF) said, placing a potential strain on New Delhi’s relationship with its largest defense supplier as Moscow attempts to ramp up weapons production. 2023 March 24, Rhea Mogul, “Russia can’t meet India arms deliveries due to Ukraine war, Indian Air Force says”, in CNN:
The next stop that we make will be England / Tell all the folks in Russia, and China, too / Don't you know that it's time to get on board? / And let this train keep on riding, riding on through 1972, The O'Jays, “Love Train”, in Back Stabbers:
“Revoking PNTR for Russia is going to make it harder for Russia to do business with the United States and doing it in unison with other nations that make up half of the global economy will be another crushing blow to the Russian economy that’s already suffering very badly from our sanctions,” Biden said. 2022 March 10, Kaitlan Collins, Manu Raju, Kate Sullivan, MJ Lee and John Harwood, “Biden calls for suspending normal trade relations with Russia and will ban imports of vodka and seafood”, in CNN:
(broadly, countable, historical, uncountable) The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (a very common name, although more formally Russia, the RSFSR, was one of several constituent republics of the USSR).
(countable, historical, uncountable) The Russian Empire; the tsarist empire in Russia lasting from 1721 to 1917.
Ukraine (“frontier”), the name formerly given to a district of European Russia, now comprising the governments of Kharkov, Kiev, Podolia and Poltava. 1911, “Ukraine”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica:
(countable, dated, historical, uncountable) Kievan Rus; the medieval East Slavic state centered in Kiev.
Ukraine (“frontier”), the name formerly given to a district of European Russia, now comprising the governments of Kharkov, Kiev, Podolia and Poltava. 1911, “Ukraine”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica:
(countable, dated) Any of several East Slavic states descended from Kievan Rus, typically including Russia (Great Russia), Belarus (White Russia) and Ukraine (Little Russia).
Ukraine (“frontier”), the name formerly given to a district of European Russia, now comprising the governments of Kharkov, Kiev, Podolia and Poltava. 1911, “Ukraine”, in 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica:
Or rather if I be attaining a better autocratship than that of the Emperor of all the Russias — the empire over self. 1842, George Eliot, Selections from George Eliot's letters, Letter to Cara Bray, page 24:
Then there is White Russia and Red Russia, Great Russia and Little Russia, Russia of the Frozen North and Russia of the Far East — a Russia equally dangerous to every one of her neighbours […] 1914, Russia and the Russian People:
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and North Asia) · szl Rusyjo (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vo Rusän (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nn Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 俄國 /俄国 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rue Росі́я (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · non Ruzía (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fy Ruslân (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nrf Russie (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kdr Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cs Rusko (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sw Urusi (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ckb ئوورس (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ru Русь (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · th รัสเซีย (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ta உருசியா (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ak Rɔhyea (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · myv Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kn ರಷ್ಯಾ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · chr ᏲᏂᎢ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · krl Veneä (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tk Russiýa (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · eo Ruslando (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mi Rūhia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · frp Russie (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ia Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zza Rusya (diq) (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ms Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pms Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cop Ⲣⲱⲥⲓⲁ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sq Rusi (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kmr Ûristan (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vo Lusän (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · jct Русьйе (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tg Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kum Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · yi רוסלאַנד (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · yo Rọ́ṣíà (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rup Arusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bjn Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vep Venäma (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · af Rusland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ne रसिया (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · su Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ja 露西亜 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · to Lūsia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · te రష్యా (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ky Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cu Ⱃⱉⱄⰹⱑ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · map-bms Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · dv ރޫސީވިލާތް (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kbd Урысей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · la Ruthenia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mwl Rússia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · wuu 羅宋 /罗宋 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · haw Lūkia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ja 魯西亜 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · el Ρωσία (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ain ヌチャ モシㇼ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ak Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ckb ڕووسیا (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pap Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · atv Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zu iRashiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · liv Krīevõmō (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mhr Россий (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nds Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · xwo ᡆᠷᡆᠰ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · dz ཨུ་རུ་སུ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pa رُوس (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tl Rusya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ti ራሻ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lzz რუსეთი (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sms Ruõššjânnam (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gag Rusiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ba Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mn Орос (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · non Ruzaland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · eo Rusio (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ab Урыстәыла (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · br Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · be Rasieja (łacinka) (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 로씨야 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pa ਰੂਸ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ug روسىيە (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pag Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lbe Аьрасат (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sjd Рӯшш е̄ммьне (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pdt Russlaunt (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · inh Эрсече (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · he רוּסְיָה (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gu રશિયા (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ceb Rusya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nso Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ba Рәсәй (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · am ሩስያ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · xh IRashiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gd an Ruis (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hy Ռուսիա (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gl Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vls Rusland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · be Расе́я (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · si රුසියාව (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rup Rusii (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · scn Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · chy Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · inh Россе (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · la Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · or ରୁଷିଆ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lv Krievija (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ks روٗس (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ti ሩስያ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bo རྒྱ་སེར (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sm Lusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sd روس (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fr Russie (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ain ヌチャ モシㇽ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · et Venemaa (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · izh Venät (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ne रूस (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tet Rúsia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · alt Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ru Росси́я (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · crp-rsn Rusleien (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · km រុស្ស៊ី (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ml റഷ്യ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · chr ᏲᏅᎯ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · wuu 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · id Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ja ロシア (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lt Rusija (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bm Risila (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · crh Rusiye (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ff Roosiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mt Russja (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fi Venäjä (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mzn ئوروسیا (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · or ରୁସିଆ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh Вурус (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kaa Rossiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ja 露国 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · dv ރަށިއާ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 러시아 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fa روسِیِه (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ny Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · khb ᦵᦁᦲᧉᦷᦅᧉ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · war Rusya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nb Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hi रूस (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sh Ру̀сија (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · qu Rusiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ky Оруссия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · an Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · yue 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ady Урысый (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sco Roushie (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · arc ܪܘܣܝܐ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sq Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kea Rúsia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 로서아 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mnc ᠯᠣᠴᠠ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · yai Расия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vi Nga La Tư (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · de Russlond (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 아라사 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · da Rusland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · jv Ruslan (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · am ሩሲያ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bg Ру́сия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mg Rosia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sah Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nl Rusland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · krc Эресей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · uz Rossiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · nog Ресей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kab Rrus (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ts Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · krc Росей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kpv Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lij Rùscia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 露西亞 /露西亚 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · csb Ruskô (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 俄國 /俄国 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tk Руссия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tr Rusya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · krc Россей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · av Гӏурусалӏ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · uk Росі́я (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mnc ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ha Rāshà (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · mr रशिया (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ch Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hy Ռուսաստան (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sk Rusko (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vro Vinnemaa (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ur رُوس (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rar Rūtia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · de Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hsb Ruska (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sjd Рӯшше̄ммьне (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lez Урусат (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pt Rússia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ce Росси (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ro Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pdc Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hu Oroszország (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gur Dusgo (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · wo Riisi (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hak 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · myv Рузонь Мастор (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ar رُوسِيَا (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kk روسيا (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ang Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hi रशिया (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tt Рәсәй (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ca Rússia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · uz Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fj Rusi (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ja 魯国 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kjh Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ga An Rúis (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kk رەسەي (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ce Оьрсий (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tyv Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sah Арассыыйа (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 노국 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cbk Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ki Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rm Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · iu ᐅᓛᓴ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · srn Rosiakondre (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · av Россия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · be Расе́йшчына (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · is Rússland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · be Ruska (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zle-ort Россїꙗ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cy Rwsia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tt Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · cdo 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ps روسيه (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bua Росси (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kw Russi (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bua Орос улас (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · hrx Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zh 露西亞 /露西亚 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · uz Oʻrusiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · km រុស្សី (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · az Rusiya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bo ཨུ་རུ་སུ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · fa رُوسِیَه (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · io Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · zea Rusland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ltg Krīveja (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · pl Moskwa (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · chr ᏲᏂᏱ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · my ရုရှား (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 노서아 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · yue 俄國 /俄国 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · wa Rûsseye (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kk Ресей (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · chr ᎶᏏᏴ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kpv Рочму (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vec Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · so Ruush (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · eu Errusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lb Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rup Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · na Russia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lad Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ko 로국 (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ast Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · az Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bua Орос (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lo ຣັດເຊັຽ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ace Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ro Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vot Venäje (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · uz Ўрусия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kmr Ûris (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ba Рөҫиә (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · ckb ئوورستان (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · gug Rrusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · bcl Rusya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · de Russland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · es Rusia (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · eo Rusujo (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · se Ruošša (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · rsk Русия (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · kmr Rûsya (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · he רַאצְיָה (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · vi Nga (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sh Rùsija (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · lo ລັດເຊັຽ (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · as ৰুচিয়া (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · tab Урусат (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia) · sv Ryssland (country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)