A diminutive of Edward, Edgar, Edwin, or other male given names beginning with Ed-.
There's a world of difference between the name Edward, which sounds rather regal and stuffy (Edwardian) and the name Eddie, which sounds like a guy on the bus. 1994, Caroline Knapp, The Merry Recluse: A Life in Essays, Counterpoint Press, published 2004, →ISBN, page 169:
A Granite Bay home previously owned by actor and comedian Eddie Murphy is back on the market for $12 million. 2015 October 1, Elaine Goodman, “Hot Property: Eddie Murphy's former home is back on the market (slideshow)”, in Sacramento Business Journal, archived from the original on 05 Apr 2016: