From Latin Caesar. Displaced Old English cāsere, which would have yielded *caser, *coser, and Middle English keiser, kaiser, from Old Norse and continental Germanic languages. All ultimately from the same Latin root. (See also Kaiser and tsar.)
Meanings
A title of Roman emperors.
Owing to the victories gained in the wars from 295-297, the two Augusti, Diocletian and Maximian, and the two Caesares, Galerius and Constantius Chlorus, took the title of Carpicus Maximus, the last three receiving this title five times after the fighting from 302-303 (see Table 13). 1976, The Archaeology and History of the Carpi from the Second to the Fourth Century AD, →ISBN, page 171:
Constantius Chlorus and Galerius became Caesares in 293; […] 1889, The Classical Review, volume III, London: David Nutt, […], page 232:
For within the principia the highest, and focal, point of the whole ensemble is formed by the ‘temple of the standards’, on whose lintel a Latin inscription proudly proclaimed the completion of the work: ‘The Repairers of their world and Propagators of the human race, our Lords Diocletianus and Maximianus, the most unconquered Imperatores, and Constantius and Maximianus (i.e., Galerius), the most noble Caesares, have successfully founded the camp (castra), under the care of Sossianus Hierocles, vir perfectissimus, governor (praeses) of the province, devoted to their numen and maiestas’. 1993, Fergus Millar, The Roman Near East, 31 BC – AD 337, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, →ISBN, page 182:
An absolute ruler; an autocrat.
(abbreviation, alt-of) Abbreviation of Caesar salad.
I tell her that I would love a Caesar, which happens to be my favorite salad. 2012, Paul Sunshine Murphy, The Island Caper, 2nd edition, Mustang, Okla.: Tate Publishing & Enterprises, →ISBN, page 48:
A garlicky Caesar is a nice starter with whole Romaine leaves and crispy sourdough croutons, but most can’t resist the creamy, but very rich, signature lobster soup. 2010, Cara Goldsbury, The Luxury Guide to Walt Disney World® Resort: How to Get the Most Out of the Best Disney Has to Offer, 3rd edition, Guilford, Conn.: GPP Travel, →ISBN, page 309:
(Canada) A Caesar cocktail.
(abbreviation, alt-of, clipping, colloquial) Clipping of Caesarean section.
bg це́зар (a title of Roman emperors) · ru це́зарь (a title of Roman emperors) · gl césar (a title of Roman emperors) · az qeysər (a title of Roman emperors) · af keisers (a title of Roman emperors) · cs cézar (a title of Roman emperors) · tk kaýsar (a title of Roman emperors) · kk Цезарь (a title of Roman emperors) · da cæsar (a title of Roman emperors) · xpr 𐭊𐭉𐭎𐭓 (a title of Roman emperors) · id kaisar (a title of Roman emperors) · fa-ira قِیْصَر (a title of Roman emperors) · cs Caesar (a title of Roman emperors) · ru ке́сарь (a title of Roman emperors) · hi कयसर (a title of Roman emperors) · grc Καῖσαρ (a title of Roman emperors) · pt césar (a title of Roman emperors) · fa-ira سِزار (a title of Roman emperors) · io cezaro (a title of Roman emperors) · el καίσαρας (a title of Roman emperors) · pa ਕੈਸਰ (a title of Roman emperors) · is keisari (a title of Roman emperors) · xag 𐕄𐔶𐕚𐔰𐕙 (a title of Roman emperors) · ur قَیْصَر (a title of Roman emperors) · fo keisari (a title of Roman emperors) · cs césar (a title of Roman emperors) · pal 𐭪𐭩𐭮𐭫 (a title of Roman emperors) · nl caesar (a title of Roman emperors) · fi Caesar (a title of Roman emperors) · cmn 凱撒 /凯撒 (a title of Roman emperors) · af keiser (a title of Roman emperors) · ar قَيْصَر (a title of Roman emperors) · prs قَیْصَر (a title of Roman emperors) · bg ке́сар (a title of Roman emperors) · hi क़ैसर (a title of Roman emperors) · ta சீசர் (a title of Roman emperors) · pl cezar (a title of Roman emperors) · ml കൈസർ (a title of Roman emperors)
From Latin Caesar. Displaced Old English cāsere, which would have yielded *caser, *coser, and Middle English keiser, kaiser, from Old Norse and continental Germanic languages. All ultimately from the same Latin root. (See also Kaiser and tsar.)
Meanings
An ancient Roman family name, notably that of Julius Caesar.
Five of the Caesares were killed during the years 90-85 (D. G., 3, 114). 1975, Collection Latomus, volume 142, page 39:
[…] Off. 1.133 and Att. 13.19.4 do not establish the uterine relationship of Catulus and the Caesares, merely the fact that Catulus and the Caesares were regarded as fratres. 1996, Antichthon, volumes 34–36, page 56:
By about the middle of the 2nd cent., the Caesares were claiming descent from *Ascanius and, through him, from his grandmother Venus (see the coins Crawford, RRC 258, 129 bc, and 320, 103 bc, the latter with a symbolic reference to Apollo, the ancient god of the gens). 2012, Simon Hornblower, Antony Spawforth, Esther Eidinow, editors, The Oxford Classical Dictionary, 4th edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 755:
To the powerful, the Caesares were flattering, deferential, sincerely devoted, self-sacrificing, loyal, eagerly serving. 1965, Taylor Caldwell, A Pillar of Iron, Doubleday, →ISBN, page 128:
The Caesars were an ancient and aristocratic family, which for eight generations had been prominent in the commonwealth. 1891, William Rainey Harper, Herbert Cushing Tolman, Eight Books of Caesar’s Gallic War, New York, N.Y.; Cincinnati, Oh.; Chicago, Ill.: American Book Company, page 2:
Habel, 63 ff., believes that up to 51 the emperors bestowed priesthoods on the Caesares, using their special power of commendation; but that these Caesares were forced to wait until a place in a college was vacant; that after 51 the Caesares were elected by the senate. 1955, Papers and Monographs of the American Academy in Rome, volume 16, page 100:
The Pulchri were a branch of the Clodius family, just as the Caesares were of the Julii. 2000, Richard W[alter] Hooper, Representative Chapters in Ancient History: From Romulus to Justinian, University Press of America, →ISBN, page 542:
He was joined on this commission by C. Caesar Strabo (RE Iulius no. 135), of another branch of the Caesares, who had stressed his heritage by adding the old Julian praenomen Vopiscus (see the cos. 473, MRR 1.29) to his name as a cognomen. 2009, Ernst Badian, “From the Iulii to Caesar”, in Miriam Griffin, editor, A Companion to Julius Caesar, Wiley Blackwell, →ISBN, page 15:
Of the two plebeian candidates Silanus obviously counted on the assistance of Manlius, who was in office and to whom he was related from the grandfather, but his rival, a Minucius who had become a Marcius, counted on the patrician rival Caesar and on the other consul, L. Aurelius Cotta, because the Caesares were related by marriage both with the Marcii and the Cottae; in fact, Silanus was defeated by their coalition. 1999, Friedrich Münzer, translated by Thérèse Ridley, Roman Aristocratic Parties and Families, Johns Hopkins University Press, →ISBN, page 319:
(figuratively) The government; society; earthly powers.
let it be clearly understood that we are dealing with Life solely in its geological aspects. We appeal unto Caesar; let us be judged by Caesar’s laws. 1861, David Page, The past and present life of the globe, page 9:
Caesar may discriminate unjustly against certain races. Christians are not to take issue with Caesar's laws on such matters and flout them, but should submit. 1957, Awake, volume 38, number 14, page 6:
It is the story of churches that split apart over this issue and of ministers finding ways to justify the return of slaves because they were under the aegis of the laws of Caesar, not the laws of God. 2003, Carol Kammen, On Doing Local History, page 76:
But I know that Caesar's laws have been broken, and someone has to pay. I'm your man. These are good monks. If they committed any crime, it was to believe in me. 2012, Christopher Buckley, God Is My Broker:
Render therefore vnto Ceſar, the things which are Ceſars: and vnto God, the things that are Gods. 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 22:21:
ur سِیزَر (ancient Roman family name) · sq Çezari (ancient Roman family name) · cmn 凱撒 /凯撒 (ancient Roman family name) · bg Це́зар (ancient Roman family name) · chr ᏏᏌ (ancient Roman family name) · ko 카이사르 (ancient Roman family name) · tk Kaýsar (ancient Roman family name) · la Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · kk Цезарь (ancient Roman family name) · nb Cæsar (ancient Roman family name) · tr Sezar (ancient Roman family name) · ca Cèsar (ancient Roman family name) · de Zäsar (ancient Roman family name) · fr César (ancient Roman family name) · fi Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · scn Cìsari (ancient Roman family name) · gd Cèasar (ancient Roman family name) · tg Сезар (ancient Roman family name) · af Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · id Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · sv Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · grc Καῖσαρ (ancient Roman family name) · az Sezar (ancient Roman family name) · hi सीज़र (ancient Roman family name) · et Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · scn Cèsari (ancient Roman family name) · ja カエサル (ancient Roman family name) · nl Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · lv Cēzars (ancient Roman family name) · ru Ке́сарь (ancient Roman family name) · fa-ira قِیْصَر (ancient Roman family name) · ko 시저 (ancient Roman family name) · cy Cesar (ancient Roman family name) · uz Sezar (ancient Roman family name) · de Cäsar (ancient Roman family name) · ja シーザー (ancient Roman family name) · uk Це́зар (ancient Roman family name) · th ซีซาร์ (ancient Roman family name) · mk Це́зар (ancient Roman family name) · be Цэ́зар (ancient Roman family name) · it Cesare (ancient Roman family name) · az Qeysər (ancient Roman family name) · or ସିଜର (ancient Roman family name) · lt Cezaris (ancient Roman family name) · ug كايسار (ancient Roman family name) · da Cæsar (ancient Roman family name) · gl César (ancient Roman family name) · km សេសារ (ancient Roman family name) · ru Це́зарь (ancient Roman family name) · cmn 愷撒 /恺撒 (ancient Roman family name) · he קֵיסָר (ancient Roman family name) · is Sesar (ancient Roman family name) · ur قَیْصَر (ancient Roman family name) · io Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · es César (ancient Roman family name) · pal 𐭪𐭩𐭮𐭫 (ancient Roman family name) · ur کَیسَر (ancient Roman family name) · xbc Κησαρο (ancient Roman family name) · ro Cezar (ancient Roman family name) · frm Cæsar (ancient Roman family name) · prs قَیْصَر (ancient Roman family name) · hy Կեսար (ancient Roman family name) · sk Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · ka კეისარი (ancient Roman family name) · de Kaiser (ancient Roman family name) · mr सीजर (ancient Roman family name) · sl Cezar (ancient Roman family name) · pl Cezar (ancient Roman family name) · eo Cezaro (ancient Roman family name) · de Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · xag 𐕄𐔶𐕚𐔰𐕙 (ancient Roman family name) · sh Cezar (ancient Roman family name) · sh Цезар (ancient Roman family name) · ga Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · ky Цезарь (ancient Roman family name) · cop ⲕⲁⲓⲥⲁⲣ (ancient Roman family name) · ms Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · fa-ira سِزار (ancient Roman family name) · hi क़ैसर (ancient Roman family name) · ar قَيْصَر (ancient Roman family name) · pt César (ancient Roman family name) · cs Caesar (ancient Roman family name) · mn Цезарь (ancient Roman family name) · el Καίσαρας (ancient Roman family name) · egy qysrs (ancient Roman family name)