In the light of modern scholarship it now seems highly likely that the total recruitment figure for both Northern Irish and Éire citizens in the British Armed Forces stood at around 100–120,000 men and women. 2011, Gavin Hughes, “Commitment, Casualties and Loss: Comparative Aspects of Irish Regiments at Dunkirk 1940 and in Western Europe, 1944–1945”, in Gerald Morgan, Gavin Hughes, editors, Southern Ireland and the Liberation of France: New Perspectives (Reimagining Ireland; volume 33), Peter Lang, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 85:
British subjects in Éire could not vote, hold public office, or work in the government service of Éire, whereas Éire citizens in Britain could do all of these. 1989, Thomas E. Hachey; Joseph M. Hernon, Jr.; Lawrence J. McCaffrey, “The de Valera Era, 1932–1959: Continuity and Change in Irish Life”, in The Irish Experience, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice Hall, →ISBN, section “The Irish Republic, 1948–1959”, page 217:
Since Éire remained in the Commonwealth during the war—leaving in 1949—it could be argued that volunteers and war workers from Éire belong in this list. Éire was the only Commonwealth country to remain neutral throughout the war. 2018, Wendy Webster, “Introduction: ‘The Big Proposition’”, in Mixing It: Diversity in World War Two Britain, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, page 9: